This is a free website for Nuclear Medicine Technologists and Students who wish to broaden their understanding of Nuclear Cardiology Practices and Principles.



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Syllabus
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1a: History
1b: Guidelines
1c: Epidemiology
1d: Structure
1e: Circulation
Lesson 1 REVIEW

2a: Anomalies
2b: Dextrocardia
2c: Coronary Arteries
2d: Indicators of Function
Lesson 2 REVIEW

3a: Electrophysiology
3b: Conduction
3c: Action Potential
3d: Autonomic System
Lesson 3 REVIEW

4a: Electrocardiography
4b: EKG Slideshow
4c: EKG Interpretation
4d: Myocardial Damage
Lesson 4 REVIEW

5a: Cardiovascular Disease
5b: Coronary Syndromes
5c: Atherosclerosis
5d: Myocardial Infarction
5e: Cardiac Stress Testing
5f: Cardiac Medications
5g: Revascularization
Lesson 5 REVIEW

6a: Diagnostic Imaging
6b: Radiopharmaceuticals
6c: Thallium Scintigraphy
6d: Tc99m MPI Agents
6e: PET Imaging
6f: Blood Pool Imaging
6g: Cardiac Function
Lesson 6 REVIEW

7a: Planar Cardiac Imaging
7b: Cardiac SPECT Imaging
7c: Cardiac SPECT Anatomy
7d: Interpretation
7e: Attenuation Correction
Lesson 7 REVIEW

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Review of Section 1 : Self-test

This page is best viewed with Internet Explorer. Position your mouse over the answer button and the answer to the question will appear.

 1. Name the two components of the cardiovascular system. The cardiovascular system includes the heart and blood vessels.

 2. How is the heart held in position? The heart is suspended from its base by great vessels and ligaments, anchored to the breastbone by ligaments, within a fibrous double-walled sac called the pericardium.

 3. What kind of tissue makes up the skeletal structure within the musculature of the heart? A fibrous framework supports the musculature of the heart.

 4. What is the function of the chordae tendineae? Chordae tendineae anchor both atrioventricular valves to mounds of papillary muscle in the walls of the ventricles.

 5. Name the four chambers of the heart? The left and right atria sit atop the left and right ventricles.

 6. Name the valves guarding the right heart, and describe their locations. The TRICUSPID valve guards the orifice between the right atrium and the right ventricle.  The PULMONARY valve guards the orifice between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.

 7. Name the valves guarding the left heart, and describe their locations. The MITRAL valve guards the orifice between the left atrium and the left ventricle.
The AORTIC valve guards the orifice between the left ventricle and the aorta.

 8. What is the name of the double-walled sac that protects and covers the heart? The heart is encased in double-walled pericardial sac.

 9. Name the three layers of the heart muscle. The three layers of heart muscle are the endocardium, myocardium, and epicardium.

10. Why is the heart called the "engine" of the cardiovascular system? The heart converts energy into mechanical activity and motion.

11. What is the cardiac output (CO) of an adult male at rest? Cardiac output is the measure of the volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute. CO = volume pumped with each stroke x the heart rate.  Stroke volume in the average man at rest is 80 ml per stroke…multiplied by a 70 beat per minute average, the CO is 5.6 Liters/minute (about 10 quarts).

12. What is the “pulmonary” circulation? What is the “systemic” circulation? Each half of your heart works as its own separate circulatory pump. The pulmonary circulation brings deoxygenated blood from the body to the lungs for oxygenation. The systemic circulation brings oxygenated blood from the lungs to the body tissues.

13 . How do arteries differ from veins? Arteries transport blood under high pressure, and have walls that are much more elastic than the veins. Arteries contain a muscular layer allowing the artery to pulsate in sync with the heartbeat. Veins are thinner and contain one-way valves.

14. What exchanges occur at the capillary level? In the capillary bed, oxygen and nutrients leave the blood and enter cells while carbon dioxide and metabolic waste products leave the cells and enter the bloodstream.


 

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